Health Library

Articles In This Section

• A to Z: Fracture, Patella (Kneecap)

  A fractured patella is a broken kneecap (the flat, round bone that protects the knee joint).

• A to Z: Spinal Stenosis

  Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the spaces in the spine, or backbone, where the spinal cord is located. Pressure placed on the spinal cord causes pain and disruption to some body functions.

• A to Z: Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia (SED)

  Learn about genetic disorders and conditions that affect growth and development.

• A to Z: Spondylolisthesis

  Spondylolisthesis (or "slipped vertebra") is when one of the vertebrae slips forward and out of place on the vertebra beneath it.

• A to Z: Spondylolysis

  Spondylolysis is when there is a defect of a narrow piece of bone in the vertebra.

• A to Z: Sprain

  Sprains are common injuries, especially among active older kids and teens who play sports.

• A to Z: Sprain, Ankle

  Ankle sprains are common in kids and teens who play sports. They happen when the ligaments that support the ankle get overly stretched or torn.

• A to Z: Sprain, Knee

  A knee sprain happens when a ligament is stretched or torn because the knee gets twisted, bent, or hit.

• A to Z: Sprain, Wrist

  A sprain is the stretch or partial tear of ligaments (which connect two bones). A wrist sprain happens when the ligaments that support the wrist bend or twist too far.

• A to Z: Talipes Equinovarus

  Learn about birth defects and congenital conditions that affect the feet and legs.

• A to Z: Tenosynovitis

  Learn about overuse injuries and conditions that affect the tendons and muscles.

• A to Z: Kyphosis, Congenital

  Learn more about congenital kyphosis, an abnormal rounding of the spine that develops before birth.

• A to Z: Kyphosis, Postural

  Learn more about postural kyphosis, an abnormal rounding of the spine caused by irregular development of bones and muscles, sometimes due to slouching or poor posture.

• A to Z: Kyphosis, Scheuermann’s

  Learn more about Scheuermann's kyphosis, an abnormal rounding of the spine that can run in families and is usually seen in teens.

• A to Z: Lateral Malleolar Fracture

  See: Fracture, Lateral Malleolus.

• A to Z: Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease

  Learn about this rare hip disorder, which is most common in boys.

• A to Z: Lumbago

  Learn about causes of back pain and conditions that affect the back and spine.

• A to Z: Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Injuries

  Learn more about MCL injuries and how they're treated.

• A to Z: Nursemaid’s Elbow (Annular Ligament Displacement)

  Nursemaid's elbow is a common injury in young kids that happens when a ligament slips out of place near the elbow.

• A to Z: Ollier Disease

  See: Chondrodystrophy.

• A to Z: Osteochondritis Dissecans

  Learn about osteochondritis dissecans, a joint condition in which a piece of bone and cartilage become unattached, either partially or completely.

• A to Z: Osteodystrophy

  Learn about complications of kidney and liver disease and conditions that affect bone development.

• A to Z: Osteogenesis Imperfecta

  Learn more about congenital disorders and bone deformities.

• A to Z: Osteoporosis

  Mostly affecting older people, osteoporosis is a disease that weakens the bones, causing them to become brittle and easily fractured.

• A to Z: Osteoporosis, Disuse

  Disuse osteoporosis is bone loss that results from not enough stress or pressure on the bones, making them brittle and weak, and easy to fracture.

• A to Z: Patellar Dislocation

  Patellar dislocation happens when the patella (kneecap) slips out of its normal position.

• A to Z: Pectus Carinatum

  Learn more about pectus carinatum, commonly called pigeon chest.

• A to Z: Pectus Excavatum

  Learn more about pectus excavatum, commonly called sunken chest.

• A to Z: Pott’s Fracture

  Bimalleolar fracture, Pott's fracture, medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, ankle, ankle fracture, broken ankle, tibia, fibula, shinbone, operative fixation, surgery, malleoli

• A to Z: Scoliosis

  Learn about scoliosis, an abnormal curvature in the spine often detected just before puberty begins.

• A to Z: Sever Disease

  Sever disease is a painful bone disorder due to inflammation (swelling) of the growth plate in the heel.

• A to Z: Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)

  In slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), the very top of the thighbone (called the femoral head) slips out of line with the rest of the thighbone, causing a weakened hip joint.

• A to Z: Slipped Disc

  Activities and sports that put stress on the back can lead to a slipped disc, which can cause pain in the back, arms, and legs.

• A to Z: Kyphosis

  Learn more about kyphosis, an abnormal rounding of the spine.

• A to Z: Joint Effusion

  Learn more about this type of joint swelling that can caused by infections, injuries, and arthritis.

• A to Z: Dislocation, Shoulder

  A shoulder dislocation causes the top of the upper arm bone (humerus) to slip out of its normal position in the shoulder socket.

• A to Z: Dislocation, Thumb

  A dislocation is when the bones in a joint slip out of their normal position. A dislocated thumb may happen from a fall, blow, or sports injury, especially if the thumb is bent back or jammed.

• A to Z: Dislocation, Toe

  A dislocation is when the bones in a joint slip out of their normal position. A dislocated toe may happen from a blow or jamming the toe, such as bumping the toe into furniture or during sports.

• A to Z: Disuse Osteoporosis

  See: Osteoporosis, Disuse.

• A to Z: Enchondromatosis

  See: Chondrodystrophy.

• A to Z: Enthesopathy

  Learn about rheumatic disorders and conditions that affect the joints and entheses.

• A to Z: Fracture, Bimalleolar

  Learn about types of lower extremity fractures and conditions that can affect the ankle and lower leg.

• A to Z: Fracture, Clavicle

  A clavicle fracture, or broken collarbone, is one of the most common broken bones among kids and teens.

• A to Z: Fracture, Collarbone

  A fall onto the shoulder or an outstretched arm can result in this type of broken bone. Learn more here.

• A to Z: Fracture, Elbow

  Fractured (broken) elbows are a common injury in kids and teens.

• A to Z: Fracture, Fibula

  A fractured fibula is a break to the smaller of the two bones in the lower leg.

• A to Z: Fracture, Lateral Malleolus

  Learn about types of lower extremity fractures and conditions that can affect the ankle and lower leg.

• A to Z: Fracture, Radius

  A fractured radius is a broken bone in the lower arm. It is a common injury that usually heals quickly.

• A to Z: Fracture, Scaphoid (Wrist)

  A fractured scaphoid is a broken small bone in the wrist.

• A to Z: Gait Abnormality (Abnormality of Gait)

  Learn about abnormality of gait (or gait abnormality), an unusual walking pattern or style.

• A to Z: Genu Valgum

  Learn about common childhood orthopedic conditions and conditions that affect the legs and knees.

• A to Z: Genu Varum

  Learn about common childhood orthopedic conditions and conditions that affect the legs and knees.

• A to Z: Fracture, Distal Radius and Ulna

  Fractures of the distal radius and ulna, or broken bones of the forearm, are common childhood injuries.

• A to Z: Achondroplasia

  Achondroplasia is a genetic disorder that interferes with bone growth and causes dwarfism (short stature).

• A to Z: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injuries

  Learn more about ACL injuries and how they're treated.

• A to Z: Arthrogryposis

  Learn about congenital conditions and conditions that affect the muscles and joints in newborn babies.

• A to Z: Benign Joint Hypermobility Syndrome

  Learn about inherited disorders and conditions that can affect the joints and connective tissues.

• A to Z: Biceps Tendonitis

  Learn more about biceps tendonitis and how it's treated.

• A to Z: Calcaneal Apophysitis

  See: Sever Disease.

• A to Z: Cervicalgia

  Learn about causes of neck pain and conditions that can affect the cervical spine.

• A to Z: Clubfoot

  Clubfoot is a birth defect that causes one or both of a baby's feet to turn inward and downward, giving the foot or feet a club-like appearance.

• A to Z: Contracture of Tendon Sheath

  Contracture of tendon sheath is a rare condition where the protective sheath surrounding a tendon tightens and grows thicker, which can limit movement in an affected joint.

• A to Z: Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)

  In this condition, dislocation of the hip joint around the time of birth can affect a child's growth, development, and movement.

• A to Z: Diastrophic Dysplasia

  Diastrophic dysplasia is a rare genetic disorder that interferes with bone development and causes abnormal bone growth and dwarfism (short stature).

• A to Z: Dislocation, Elbow

  A dislocation is when the bones in a joint slip out of their normal position. A dislocated elbow happesn when the upper and lower parts of the arm to slip out of position.

• A to Z: Dislocation, Finger

  A dislocation is when the bones in a joint slip out of their normal position. A finger dislocation may happen from a fall, blow, or sports injury, especially if the finger is bent back or jammed.

• A to Z: Dislocation, Hip

  A dislocation is when the bones in a joint slip out of their normal position. A hip dislocation is an injury that occurs when the ball of the thighbone moves out of the socket of the hipbone.

• A to Z: Abnormality of Gait (Gait Abnormality)

  Abnormality of gait (or gait abnormality) is an unusual walking pattern or style.